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Valentina Stepanovna Grizodubova ((ロシア語:Валентина Степановна Гризодубова), (ウクライナ語:Валентина Степанівна Гризодубова) ''Valentina Stepanivna Grizodubova''; May 10, 1909 in Kharkov – April 28, 1993 in Moscow) was one of the first female pilots in the Soviet Union and was awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labour decorations. ==Early life and pre-war career== Born in Kharkiv, in the Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine), she was the daughter of Stepan Vasil'yevich Grizodubov, a pioneer aircraft designer. At the age of fourteen, she flew a glider solo. She played piano and graduated from a conservatory as well as the Khar'kov Technical Institute. She also spoke several foreign languages. In 1929, she graduated from the Penza Flying Club of the paramilitary association ''Osoaviakhim''. She also trained at the Khar'kov Flying School. In 1933, she graduated from the Tula Advanced Flying School. Here she became a flight instructor and trained 86 male pilots, many of whom became Heroes of Soviet Union. From 1934 to 1938 she flew in a "''Propaganda''" Squadron named after Maxim Gorky. She flew many types of aircraft and set seven world records〔Cottam 1998-Selected Biographies, p. 4.〕 including one for highest altitude reached by a female pilot on a two-seater seaplane, 3,267 meters (10718.5 feet) on 15 October 1937, (FAI Record File Number 121.16) three speed records and one for long-distance flying between Moscow and Aktyubinsk together with Marina Raskova.〔Milanetti, page 117〕 On September 24–25, 1938, as the commander and along with Marina Raskova and Polina Osipenko, she completed the 5,908.61 kilometers (3,671.44 miles) flight of the ''Rodina'' (Russian for "Motherland") on the Antonov ANT-37, setting an international women's record for a straight-line distance flight. (FAI Record File Number 10444) She had already accumulated 5.000 hours' flight before her historic flight,〔Milanetti, page 117〕 and together with her crew members became one of the first women to be appointed a Hero of the Soviet Union on 2 November 1938, also receiving a reward of 25.000 rubles.〔Milanetti, page 117〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Valentina Grizodubova」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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